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Study on the Evolution Mechanism of Dynamic Conductivity of Hydraulic Fracturing Fractures Based on Proppant Flowback

Bai Y, Wei H, Fang C, Zhang Z, Zhu M, Cai Z, Wang Y, Cao G et al.

ACS omega, 2026

Abstract

Proppant flowback during the posthydraulic fracturing flowback stage can induce instability of the internal proppant support structure and conductivity degradation within fractures, which are critical factors constraining long-term stable production of low-permeability tight oil and gas reservoirs. However, existing studies have mostly focused on static fracture conductivity evaluation, and the understanding of the coupling mechanism among dynamic proppant migration, particle contact network reconstruction, and time-dependent conductivity evolution during the flow-back process remains insufficient. To address this gap, this study adopts an integrated approach combining visualized physical simulations, confining-pressure conductivity experiments, and numerical simulation. Through a two-dimensional visualized fracture model, the effects of the flowback rate, flowback fluid viscosity, and proppant particle size on particle migration behavior and accumulation morphology evolution were analyzed. Furthermore, combined with confining-pressure core experiments, the synergistic regulation mechanisms of drawdown pressure, fluid viscosity, and proppant size on the flowback rate and fracture conductivity were investigated under in situ stress conditions. The results show that fluid momentum transfer during flowback is the dominant factor inducing proppant destabilization and migration. As the flowback intensity increases, the fluid drag force gradually approaches and exceeds the…

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