Assessment of genetic diversity in bread and durum wheat landraces based on biochemical and in silico analysis of glutenin and gliadin proteins
Abstract
This study assessed the genetic diversity between durum wheat landraces (L1-L12) and bread wheat landraces (L1-L12) using a comparative biochemical (SDS-PAGE) and bioinformatics analysis of their major gluten proteins: LMW-GSs, HMW-GSs, and gliadin fractions. Biochemical analysis revealed significant polymorphism in both species, with approximately 24-26% of the assessed loci showing variability. Cluster analysis based on the overall protein profiles successfully grouped all genotypes into three distinct clusters. Specific focus on the HMW-GSs and omega-gliadins revealed molecular markers related to end-use quality. Significant allelic polymorphism was detected at the Glu-1 loci: the Glu-A1 subunit 1 was fixed in durum wheat but rare in bread wheat, while Glu-A1 subunit 2 showed the inverse distribution. Diverse alleles (7, 8, 17, 18) were found at Glu-B1. Furthermore, bread wheat generally had five omega-gliadin subunits, compared to only four in durum wheat. Crucially, hierarchical clustering using the combined HMW-GS and omega-gliadin data provided a robust molecular signature, cleanly separating all genotypes into two clusters (Durum and Bread). This demonstrates the effectiveness of these two protein groups in distinguishing the wheat types, reflecting quality-related genetic differences. The subsequent bioinformatics analysis of 3D structures showed that most fractions (LMW-GSs, gamma-gliadin, and alpha/beta-gliadin) are highly conserved, with only minor variations in…
Read the paper
Related studies
- eggNOG 5.0: a hierarchical, functionally and phylogenetically annotated orthology resource based on 5090 organisms and 2502 viruses
- Online Survival Analysis Software to Assess the Prognostic Value of Biomarkers Using Transcriptomic Data in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
- OptiType: precision HLA typing from next-generation sequencing data
- Nicotinic Cholinergic System and COVID-19: In Silico Identification of an Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Nicotinic Receptors with Potential Therapeutic Targeting Implications
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells have three Omega class glutathione S-transferases acting as 1-Cys thiol transferases
- Hemolysis at low blood flow rates: in-vitro and in-silico evaluation of a centrifugal blood pump
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.