An observational study on multidrug resistance in pediatric patients with urinary tract infections
Abstract
Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of morbidity, with Escherichia coli as the leading pathogen. Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicates management, particularly in resource-limited settings where data is scarce. A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months among 80 children (< 18 years) with culture-confirmed UTIs at a tertiary care hospital. Uropathogens were identified using standard biochemical and automated methods, and antibacterial susceptibility was assessed by VITEK 2 and disk diffusion per CLSI guidelines. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to ≥ 1 agent in ≥ 3 antibacterial classes. UTIs were most frequent in early childhood (62.5%), with a higher prevalence in females (58.8%). Gram-negative organisms accounted for 81.3% of isolates. Escherichia coli (58.8%) was the predominant uropathogen, followed by Enterococcus spp. (17.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.0%). Escherichia coli demonstrated high resistance to nalidixic acid (84.4%), ampicillin (78.1%), and ciprofloxacin (78.1%), while maintaining high susceptibility to fosfomycin (90.6%), ertapenem (81.3%), gentamicin (71.9%), and nitrofurantoin (71.9%). Enterococcus spp. exhibited high resistance to tetracycline (64.3%), and levofloxacin (63%). but remained sensitive to linezolid (93.27%), vancomycin (85.71%), teicoplanin (78.57%), and tigecycline (71.4%). A substantial proportion of isolates were multidrug-resistant, limiting therapeutic options.…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 80 participants or records.
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