Molecular Identification and Biochemical Characterization of Graesiella emersonii LDC1 as a Potential Source of Omega -3 Fatty Acids
Abstract
Objectives: Omega-3 fatty acids are poly-unsaturated and essential with significant health benefits. The inability of conventional sources like plants and fish oil to meet the growing demand for omega-3 fatty acids geared up the search for alternative sources. The current study has focused on assessing the potential of a freshwater microalga, Graesiella emersonii LDC1, to produce Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs), particularly concerning omega-3 fatty acids. Methods: The taxonomy of the isolate was assessed using a combination of molecular techniques and in silico tools, such as BLAST, CLUSTAL OMEGA, and MEGA 11. The isolate was characterized in terms of its growth pattern and lipid productivity. Additionally, its fatty acid methyl ester profile was analyzed using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Findings: The isolated microalga was identified as Graesiella emersonii due to a 99.72% sequence similarity and phylogenetic tree analysis. The fatty acid methyl esters profile demonstrated the dominance of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (61.7%), followed by saturated fatty acids (22.4%). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids contribute a notable 5.6%, with other compounds enriching the mix at 10.3%. These results also underscored the potential of the isolate to produce essential omega-3 fatty acids, including α-linolenic acid (36.0%), 8,11,14-Docosatrienoic acid (28.3%), stearidonic acid (1.9%) and docosahexaenoic acid (6.1%). Novelty: G. emersonii LDC1 has a promising path for…
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