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A Fundamental Relation between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies

Laura Ferrarese, David R. Merritt

The Astrophysical Journal, 2000

4,447 citations

Abstract

The masses of supermassive black holes correlate almost perfectly with the velocity dispersions of their host bulges, M bh ∝ σ α , where α = 4.8 ± 0.5. The relation is much tighter than the relation between M bh and bulge luminosity, with a scatter no larger than expected on the basis of measurement error alone. Black hole masses recently estimated by Magorrian et al. lie systematically above the M bh -σ relation defined by more accurate mass estimates, some by as much as 2 orders of magnitude. The tightness of the M bh -σ relation implies a strong link between black hole formation and the properties of the stellar bulge.

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