Epidemiologic evaluation of pediatric patients receiving high-flow nasal cannula therapy in the pediatric emergency department
Abstract
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy has emerged as an important method of respiratory support in the pediatric emergency department (ED), but its optimal use and factors affecting success require further investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment response of patients receiving HFNC therapy in the pediatric ED and to investigate the factors affecting the success of HFNC therapy. This retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed the data of 415 patients admitted to the Pediatric ED of the Istanbul Medical Faculty from 2021 to 2022 who received HFNC therapy. Treatment failure was defined as the required noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or intubation. Diagnoses were confirmed by examination findings, radiological imaging, laboratory tests and other hospital admissions. Respiratory disease was diagnosed in 88.2% of patients. The most common diagnoses were bronchiolitis (48%), pneumonia (23.6%), asthma (9.6%), reactive airway disease (5.8%), and heart failure (4.8%). Among the patients, 55.4% were admitted to the pediatric service, 28% were admitted to the intensive care unit, 8.7% were discharged, and 7.7% left the ED with a referral to an external center. HFNC therapy ended with symptom regression in 63.9% of patients, transition to NIV in 25.8%, and intubation in 4.3%. Although patients did not respond to HFNC therapy at 0 to 1 hour, a HFNC response was observed in almost half of the patients in the following periods. The presence of…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 415 participants or records.
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