Sequencing Mycobacteria and Algorithm-determined Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment (SMARTT): a study protocol for a phase IV pragmatic randomized controlled patient management strategy trial
Abstract
Background Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) remains an important global health problem. Ideally, the complete drug-resistance profile guides individualized treatment for all RR-TB patients, but this is only practised in high-income countries. Implementation of whole genome sequencing (WGS) technologies into routine care in low and middle-income countries has not become a reality due to the expected implementation challenges, including translating WGS results into individualized treatment regimen composition. Methods This trial is a pragmatic, single-blinded, randomized controlled medical device trial of a WGS-guided automated treatment recommendation strategy for individualized treatment of RR-TB. Subjects are 18 years or older and diagnosed with pulmonary RR-TB in four of the five health districts of the Free State province in South Africa. Participants are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention (a WGS-guided automated treatment recommendation strategy for individualized treatment of RR-TB) or control (RR-TB treatment according to the national South African guidelines). The primary effectiveness outcome is the bacteriological response to treatment measured as the rate of change in time to liquid culture positivity during the first 6 months of treatment. Secondary effectiveness outcomes include cure rate, relapse rate (recurrence of RR-TB disease) and TB free survival rate in the first 12 months following RR-TB treatment completion. Additional…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
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