A Novel Dynamic Compression Angle-Stable Interlocking Intramedullary Nail: Description, Validation, and Model Evaluation
Abstract
The stabilization of long-bone fractures using intramedullary nails offers significant biological advantages for bone healing. Nevertheless, the mechanical stability of the implant-bone interface remains suboptimal due to the absence of models capable of generating interfragmentary compression at the fracture site. To address these limitations, this study aims to describe and evaluate a novel dynamic compression angle-stable interlocking intramedullary nail (DCASIN), designed for use in conjunction with a compression device (CD). Its performance was compared with conventional and angle-stable interlocking intramedullary nails. Implantation was demonstrated using a tube-based bone model with transverse fractures. Compression was achieved in the proximal aspect of the DCASIN through an oblong hole that allowed the insertion of a Steinmann pin, which was then subjected to the thrust of the CD's primary screw (PS). To evaluate dynamic compression, a load cell connected to the Arduino/Genuíno Uno software was utilized. Three groups of interlocking nails were assessed: G1 (conventional), G2 (angle-stable), and G3 (DCASIN), with measurements taken at four time points (M1: prelocking, M2: after the first screw or PS for the DCASIN, M3: after the second implant, and M4: one-minute post-M3). No statistically significant differences in compression forces were observed for G1 and G2 across the measured time points. In contrast, G3 exhibited significantly higher compression at M2 than at…
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