Effects of long-term metformin intake on postoperative clinicopathological characteristics in patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective analysis
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether long-term metformin use is associated with less aggressive clinicopathological characteristics in patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS: We reviewed patients with both invasive LUAD and T2DM who underwent curative lung cancer resection and lymph node dissection between January 2012 and August 2022. Patients were divided into a metformin group and a non-metformin group based on their antidiabetic treatment. Clinicopathological outcomes included tumor size, TNM stage, histologic differentiation, Ki-67 expression, and pathological subtypes. Comparisons were made using Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ² test, or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate.
RESULTS: A total of 130 patients were included (45 metformin users and 85 non-users), with no significant differences in baseline characteristics. The metformin group showed smaller tumors (1.78 ± 0.87 cm vs. 2.21 ± 1.28 cm; p = 0.049), fewer cases of high Ki-67 expression (>15%) (35.6% vs. 62.3%; p = 0.004), and no lymph node metastasis (0% vs. 15.3%; p = 0.022). Additionally, patients on metformin had better differentiation (p = 0.039) and earlier TNM stages (p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION: Long-term metformin use in diabetic patients with invasive LUAD was associated with more favorable clinicopathological features, including smaller tumor size, lower proliferative index, and absence of nodal metastasis. These…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 130 participants or records.
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