Prevalence, determinants and care-seeking behaviour for anxiety and depression in Nepalese population: a secondary analysis of data from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression and the care-seeking behaviour among Nepalese population. Design and settings Secondary analysis of the data from nationally representative Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022. Participants Analysed data of 12 355 participants (7442 females and 4913 males) aged 15–49 years. Outcome measures Depression and anxiety were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) tools, respectively. Statistical analysis We performed weighted analysis to account for the complex survey design. We presented categorical variables as frequency, per cent and 95% confidence interval (CI), whereas numerical variables were presented as median, inter-quartile range (IQR) and 95% CI. We performed univariate and multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with anxiety and depression, and results were presented as crude OR (COR), adjusted OR (AOR) and their 95% CI. Results The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 4.0% (95% CI 3.5 to 4.5) and 17.7% (95% CI 16.5 to 18.9), respectively. Divorced or separated participants were found to have higher odds of developing anxiety (AOR 2.40, 95% CI 1.74 to 3.31) and depression (AOR 3.16, 95% CI 1.84 to 5.42). Among ethnic groups, Janajati had lower odds of developing anxiety (AOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92) and depression (AOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.93) compared with Brahmin/Chhetri.…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a secondary / pooled analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 12 participants or records.
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