PVC membrane, coated-wire, and carbon-paste electrodes for potentiometric determination of vardenafil hydrochloride in tablet formulations and urine samples
Abstract
Comparative study was made between three designs of vardenafil ion (Vr)-selective electrodes: a poly vinyl chloride (PVC) membrane (liquid inner contact) called electrode A, copper-coated (solid contact) called electrode B and a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) called electrode C based on vardenafil - tetraphenylborate (Vr-TPB) as ion-exchanger complex. Electrode A has a linear dynamic range from 4.5X10-6 – 1.0X10-2 M, with a Nernstian slope of 51.8 mV/ decade and a detection limit of 1.6X10-6 M. Electrode B shows linearity over the concentration range from 8.0X10-6 - 1.0X10-2, with a Nernstian slope of 55.8 mV/decade and a limit of detection of 4.3X10-6 M. Electrode C exhibits linearity over the concentration range from 8.0X10-6 - 1.0X10-2 M, with a Nernstian slope of 61.3 mV/decade and a limit of detection of 4.0X10-6 M. These sensors exhibited a fast response time (about 2 s) and good stability. Selectivity coefficients, determined by modified separate solution method (MSSM) and separate solution method (SSM), showed high selectivity for vardenafil hydrochloride (VrCl) over a large number of inorganic cations, organic cations, sugars, urine components, and some common drug excipients. The proposed sensors were applied for determination of VrCl in tablets and in spiked urine samples using potentiometric determination and the calibration curve methods. The results obtained were satisfactory with excellent percentage recovery comparable and sometimes better than…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Understanding and treating ejaculatory dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus
- An Eco-Friendly Solid-State Electrode Modified With ZnO Nanoparticles Decorated With MWCNT as an Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Avanafil in Pure Form, Dosage Form and Human Plasma
- Combinations of Freeze-Dried Amorphous Vardenafil Hydrochloride with Saccharides as a Way to Enhance Dissolution Rate and Permeability
- Return to Sport, Reinjury Rate, and Tissue Changes after Muscle Strain Injury: A Narrative Review
- 875: High Prevalence of Significant Comorbid Conditions in Men with Erectile Dysfunction: Momentus Trial Demonstrates Efficacy and Safety of Tadalafil in this Group
- Safety and efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors in fetal growth restriction: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.