Controlled Release Bilayer Floating Effervescent and Noneffervescent Tablets Containing Levofloxacin and Famotidine
Abstract
The present study is aimed at designing bilayer‐floating tablets to improve the drug concentration in the stomach for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The tablets are comprised of an upper layer of levofloxacin (466.5 mg) and a lower layer of famotidine (133.5 mg). Five formulations (F1‐F5) were developed by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose grades (K4M, K15M, and K100M) along with Carbopol 934. In the case of the effervescent system (F1‐F3), sodium bicarbonate was added to impart buoyancy to the tablets; while in the case of noneffervescent formulations (F4 & F5), guar gum and xanthan gum were incorporated to induce flotation and swelling and retard the release of a drug. The precompression characteristics of tablets depict the suitability of all formulation powder for direct compression. The ATR‐FTIR analyses have shown that the components of both effervescent and noneffervescent tablets are compatible with each other. The total weight of each tablet was 600 mg, with a weight variation of about ≤10 mg. Both the layers were smooth and flat with a thickness ranging from 3.16 ± 0.04 to 3.54 ± 0.01 mm. The diameters of prepared floating tablets were about 15 mm, optimum for oral administration. After adjusting the tablet’s hardness to 6‐7 kg/cm2, its friability was found to be <0.35 percent. The mean drug content of the formulations was above 90%. The floating lag time of all formulations (F2‐F5) was below 25 seconds, except F1 which took almost 50 seconds to start floating on…
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