Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Its Association With Diabetic Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread metabolic disorder that contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality due to its associated complications. Among these, thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common and may play a role in the progression of diabetic complications. This study explores the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and both microvascular and macrovascular complications in individuals with T2DM. Methods This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 200 patients with T2DM, aged 30-70 years, at the Department of General Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society (GMERS) Medical College and Hospital, Valsad, India. Participants were screened for thyroid dysfunction and diabetic complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Blood tests were performed to measure thyroid hormone levels (thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine) and diabetes-related parameters such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariate regression analysis to evaluate the correlation between thyroid dysfunction and the development of diabetic complications. Results The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the study population was 26.5%, with hypothyroidism being more common (84.9%) than hyperthyroidism (15.1%). Diabetic complications were significantly more prevalent among individuals with hypothyroidism…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 200 participants or records.
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