Acute graft-versus-host-disease after liver transplantation: Two case reports and literature review
Abstract
Rationale: Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a rare but highly fatal complication following liver transplantation (LT). This case report aims to summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experiences to enhance clinical understanding.
Patient concerns: Two middle-aged male patients underwent LT for acute-on-chronic liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. Both subsequently developed nonspecific symptoms, including rash, fever, and signs of bone marrow suppression.
Diagnoses: The diagnosis of GVHD was confirmed in both patients through skin biopsy and chimerism testing.
Interventions: The primary therapeutic approach involved high-dose corticosteroid therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin.
Outcomes: Despite intervention, the outcomes for both patients were poor. Both patients succumbed to mortality, with causes of death being multiple organ failure and hemorrhagic shock, respectively.
Lessons: GVHD after LT carries a grave prognosis with poor treatment outcomes. This report underscores the critical importance of early diagnosis and intervention for managing this devastating complication.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case report, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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