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Evaluating migraine tracking methods: a study of headache diary use in Lithuania

Petrosian D, Jokubaitis M, Ryliškienė K

Frontiers in neurology, 2026

847 participants

Abstract

Introduction: Migraine management is essential for improving patient wellbeing. Headache diaries support active self-management and provide valuable clinical data to healthcare professionals. This study evaluated diary use, recording methods, and utilization patterns in Lithuania.

Methods: In 2022-2023 an anonymous online survey was distributed nationwide through migraine support groups in social networks, online migraine self-help platforms, and the Lithuanian Association of Migraine Patients' website. Our questionnaire included sociodemographic, migraine-related, headache tracking methods, and previous experience with telemedicine.

Results: A total of 847 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 35 years (IQR: 30-43); 823 (97.2%) participants were female. 345 (40.7%) patients reported using a headache diary, with 203 (58.8%) using paper-based, 167 (48.4%) electronic diaries, and 27 (7.8%) using both. Adherence to headache diaries was higher among chronic migraine patients compared to episodic migraine (76.3% vs. 38.1%, P P P P P = 0.048). An inverse association was observed between migraine pain intensity during ineffective medication use and electronic tracking (adjusted OR = 0.877, 95% CI 0.76-0.99, P = 0.043). Physicians never reviewed headache diaries according to 12.8% of patients, while 13.6% reported that physicians were unaware of their diary use.

Conclusions: This study provides insights into the preferences of Lithuanian migraine patients for…

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