The association between posttraumatic stress disorder and migraine: A systematic review
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the magnitude of the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and migraine by synthesizing prevalence and incidence data from relevant studies.
Background: Migraine is associated with reduced quality of life and an increased risk for psychiatric comorbidities. Recent evidence indicates a growing relevance of PTSD in this context.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via Elsevier), and PsycInfo (via EBSCOhost) from inception to November 22, 2024. Studies were eligible if they included adult populations and reported migraine prevalence or incidence in PTSD and non-PTSD groups. No restrictions were made regarding setting, language, or publication date. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction. Results were narratively synthesized, and study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.
Results: Of 12,801 records, 11 studies from five countries were included. Study populations included military personnel, general population, nurses, pregnant women, and students. Migraine prevalence (n = 9) was higher in individuals with PTSD (6.5%-46.5%) compared to those without (1.4%-25.8%), as were incidence estimates (n = 1; 48.5% vs. 39.5%) and incidence rates (n = 1; 5.74 vs. 1.22). All studies reported a positive association between PTSD and migraine, with ratios ranging from 1.2 to 4.7.
Conclusion: This…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 9 participants or records.
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