Causal factors for migraine in Mendelian randomization studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Background Migraine is a familial, episodic disorder characterized by complex sensory processing dysfunction, with headache serving as its hallmark feature. While numerous risk factors have been proposed, the causal nature of these associations often remains ambiguous. Mendelian randomization (MR) represents a robust epidemiological framework that leverages genetic variants to infer causal relationships, thereby overcoming limitations of observational studies. This study systematically reviews and meta-analyzes MR evidence to elucidate bidirectional causal relationships between migraine and systemic diseases, identify novel risk determinants, and highlight critical gaps for future mechanistic investigations. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database) using predefined search strategies and exclusion criteria. The search time limit was from the construction of the database to July 3, 2024. Study eligibility was independently assessed by two reviewers, with data extraction processes adhering to STROBE-MR guidelines. Included studies were evaluated for quality using validated criteria, and relevant data (study design, participant demographics, genetic instruments, analytical methods, and outcomes) were systematically extracted. Data synthesis involved…
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