Food-specific IgG-based elimination diet decreased IL-6, TNF-α, and CGRP and improved symptoms in adults with migraine
Abstract
Background: Food-specific IgG antibodies have been proposed to be biomarkers to identify food that triggers an inflammation response. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a food-specific IgG-based elimination diet by assessing the changes in the symptoms of migraine and its comorbidities, inflammatory cytokines, neuropeptides, and neurotransmitters, and their correlation.
Methods: This was a sham-controlled randomized trial. A total of 98 patients with migraine who had at least one positive food-specific IgG antibody were randomly assigned to either the true diet group (IgG-positive foods were excluded, n = 52) or the sham diet group (alternative IgG-negative foods were excluded, n = 46). At baseline and at the end of 12 weeks, seven questionnaires were administered regarding the symptoms of migraine, gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality. Fourteen food-specific IgG antibodies, such as IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, 5-HT, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), in serum were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
Results: At the end of 12 weeks, the true diet group had a larger reduction in questionnaires of migraine (except for MSQ), gastrointestinal symptoms, and poor sleeping, as well as food-specific positive IgG, IL-6, TNF-α, and CGRP in the serum. The difference in the change of "days with migraine in past 4 weeks" between the sham and true diet groups was significantly attenuated after adjusting for…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 98 participants or records.
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