Vitamin D serum levels in patients with migraine: A meta-analysis
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Dietary habits and nutrients have been associated with migraine. The present study comprises a meta-analysis of observational studies evaluating serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in patients with migraine and healthy controls.
METHODS
MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were comprehensively searched. References from retrieved observational studies, reviews and meta-analyses were manually screened. Quality assessment was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. 25(OH)D concentrations were assessed by estimates of mean differences (MD) and their precision [95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)]. Random effects (RE) or fixed effects (FE) model was used based on heterogeneity among trials (homogeneity determined when PQ>0.1 and I2<50%). Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots.
RESULTS
Eight studies were included in the primary analysis, while nine studies were involved overall (in primary and secondary analyses). Serum levels of 25(OH)D were determined significantly lower in migraine patients (n=952) in comparison with healthy controls (n=8013) [eight studies, PQ<0.1, I2=94%, RE model MD=-4.11, 95% CI=(-6.48, -1.74)]. Secondary analysis revealed no difference between patients with migraine (n=269) compared to patients with other primary headache disorders (n=223) [three studies, PQ=0.51, I2=0%, FE model MD=-0.15, 95% CI=(-1.57, 1.05)], as well as between patients with tension type headache (n=295) in comparison with healthy controls (n=267)…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 8,013 participants or records.
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