Analysis of Migraine Pathophysiology by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate migraine pathophysiology because it is a non-invasive technique. The main aim of clinical imaging for patients with headaches is to exclude secondary headaches due to organic lesions. Conventional structural imaging techniques such as routine MRI demonstrate white matter lesions, changes in gray matter volume or cortical thickness, and cerebral blood flow in patients with migraine. Changes in metabolite levels are observed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion, density imaging, and functional MRI reveal dynamic real-time functional changes in brain microstructures. These analyses have been applied not only for comparing patients with migraine and healthy controls but also for understanding the dynamic changes in brain function during the cyclic migraine ictal phase. Although these analyses have demonstrated migraine pathophysiology, there are still many limitations. Following the improvement in imaging technology, further research on this topic is in progress.
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