Thrombophilic alterations, migraine, and vascular disease: results from a case-control study
Abstract
The association between thrombophilic alterations, migraine, and vascular events has been broadly investigated but not been completely clarified. In this cross-sectional, case-control study, we included consecutive outpatients diagnosed with migraine referring to a tertiary headache center. Migraine patients were matched to headache-free control subjects. All participants were evaluated for free protein S anticoagulant, functional protein C anticoagulant, homocysteine, and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). History of ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA), coronary heart disease, and peripheral venous thrombosis was also ascertained. We included 329 migraine patients and 329 control subjects (mean age 41 years, 77% women in both groups). Among migraine patients, 239 (72.6%) had migraine without aura and 90 (27.4%) had migraine with aura. Migraine patients had more frequently arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, history of IS or TIA and, peripheral venous thrombosis compared to control subjects, whereas we found no differences in diabetes mellitus, BMI, and coronary heart disease between the two groups. At least one thrombophilic alteration was detected in 107 (32.5%) migraine patients and in 74 (22.5%) control subjects (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.17–2.35, p = 0.004). We identified an association of migraine with aPL positivity (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.5–4.7, p = 0.001) and with free protein S deficiency (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 1.6–14.0, p = 0.002), whereas we found…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 329 participants or records.
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