Association between migraine severity and sleep quality: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background Migraine is a primary headache disorder that affects more than 1 billion individuals globally and imposes a significant disability burden on society. Although migraine patients commonly experience poor sleep quality, the relationship between migraine and sleep is not yet fully understood. This study therefore aimed to determine the association between sleep quality and migraine severity. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,399 participants across all regions of Saudi Arabia from August to October 2023 using standardized questionnaires. Participants were categorized into patients with migraine and non-migraine patients, according to the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria. This study utilized The Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate migraine severity and sleep quality, respectively. Results The prevalence of migraine was 25%, while poor sleep quality was evident in 42.4% of the patients. No significant difference in PSQI scores was observed between patients with migraine and non-migraine patients (p = 0.821). Migraine patients with poor sleep quality showed significantly higher MIDAS scores than those with good sleep quality (10.37 vs. 6.58; p = 0.002), while patients with migraine with higher levels of disability had higher PSQI scores than those with lower levels of disability, although the difference was not statistically significance (7.61 vs. 6.81, p = 0.053).…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 1,399 participants or records.
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