Efficacy of 20-valent pneumococcal vaccination in chemotherapy patients: A first real world report
Abstract
452
Background:
Patients with cancer receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy are at a high risk of infection, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with underlying cancer is associated with worse outcomes, irrespective of neutropenia. Studies have shown that patients with cancer and CAP have increased requirements for vasopressor support.
Methods:
We initiated a quality improvement (QI) project at our cancer center to evaluate the rates of pneumococcal vaccination among cancer patients. The primary analysis was to identify whether the one-dose 20-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV20) would improve vaccination rate. Following the initial analysis, PCV20 was offered to all patients before starting therapy. Secondary analysis included hospitalization, ICU admission, and outpatient rates for pneumonia in patients receiving chemotherapy (chemo) and non-chemotherapy anticancer medications (non-chemo). Patients diagnosed with CAP within 3 months of vaccination and co-infection with viral infection were excluded.
Results:
For the primary analysis, data from December 2021 to March 2023 were included. In September 2022, our institution implemented PCV20 as the preferred pneumococcal vaccination. Of the 135 patients, 21% had completed vaccination before September 2022. With PCV20, complete vaccination increased to 66%. For secondary analysis, data from January 2023 to December 2024 identified 156 patients (median age 70…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 135 participants or records.
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