The role of magnesium in otology - A narrative review
Abstract
Magnesium is believed to have a positive and protective effect on inner ear disorders. We conducted a systematic literature search on the topic. The mesh terms "magnesium", "tinnitus", "sudden hearing loss", "vestibular disorders", "ototoxicity", and "otoprotection" were used for the Medline search. Based on this approach, a narrative review with a structured literature search was conducted. There is good evidence that supplementation with >200 mg magnesium daily protects against the development of age-related hearing loss. A similar protective effect can be assumed for protection against noise, thus the dietary supplement can also be used on an evidence-based basis in addition to other basic measures (hearing protection, noise level reduction). In cases of acute hearing loss and tinnitus, there is evidence that magnesium may have additional benefits alongside basic therapy (corticosteroids, CO2 inhalation). Derived from the use of magnesium in migraine treatment, there are individual studies (phase II, case series) that report positive effects on vestibular disorders with 1-2 g magnesium sulfate as intravenous treatment for acute situations and 400 mg oral magnesium for prophylaxis. There are only case reports on the prevention of cisplatin ototoxicity by magnesium. Despite a wealth of experimental data, the evidence for the clinical benefits of magnesium in otology is limited. Good data is available exclusively for the prevention of presbycusis. Any other therapeutic use…
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