Changes in Migraine Headaches Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Series
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in migraine headaches have been observed. This case series of seven patients seeks to identify changes in migraines following COVID-19 infection and discuss the mechanisms by which these changes may have occurred. The study was composed of seven subjects with prior COVID-19 infection and a preceding history of migraine disorder. Most of the subjects presented with increased frequency and intensity of migraines shortly or immediately following COVID-19 infection. Many also described a shift in pain from local to diffuse headache. Additionally, some subjects developed other neuropsychiatric symptoms consistent with long COVID that included brain fog and, unusually, aphasia. After COVID-19 infection, six subjects had reduced efficacy for their medications and had to alter their regimen. Standard treatments such as Botox and anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (anti-GCRP) had varied success among the cases. It is important to note that the pathophysiology of migraines during COVID-19 is still unclear and other factors can play a role. Nevertheless, individuals with a history of migraines noticed worsening symptoms and changes in medication efficacy following COVID-19 infection.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case series, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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