Cystatin C as a Predictor of Severe Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Cohort Study
Abstract
This study aimed to identify core differential proteins associated with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia (sHAP) complicating the hospitalization of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients through proteomic analysis. It further explored their association with sHAP and evaluated their predictive value. This single-center cohort study collected general clinical characteristics and biological indicators from 153 TBI patients admitted to the neurosurgery department of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center between February 4, 2021, and May 10, 2024. We performed quantitative analysis of differential proteins associated with sHAP and identified Cystatin C (CysC) as a key differential protein. Logistic regression modeling assessed the correlation between serum CysC concentration at the 24-h cut-off point and the occurrence of sHAP. The predictive value of CysC for sHAP was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the Kaplan–Meier method. The study included 153 TBI patients with a mean age of 48.7 ± 14.6 years, comprising 118 (77.1%) males and 35 (22.9%) females. Of these, 43 patients developed sHAP, with a mean CysC serum concentration of 120.8 ± 17.7 µg/L, while the 110 patients who did not develop sHAP had a mean CysC serum concentration of 92.7 ± 18.4 µg/L. After adjusting for multiple factors, each 1 µg/L increase in CysC levels was associated with a 9% increase in sHAP incidence (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.06–1.13). In the ROC curve analysis, CysC…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 153 participants or records.
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