Migraine and Multiple Sclerosis Across the Female Reproductive Lifespan: Insights for the Obstetrician-Gynecologist and Neurologists: A narrative review
Abstract
Migraine and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are chronic neurological conditions that predominantly affect women, especially during their reproductive years. These disorders are influenced by hormonal fluctuations, particularly estrogen, which plays a crucial role in immune modulation, neuronal excitability, and vascular function.
This review examines the relationship between migraine, MS, and female reproductive health, with a focus on hormonal influences throughout critical life stages: puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause.
The review analyzes the hormonal interactions that impact migraine and MS, emphasizing the role of estrogen in disease modulation across different reproductive stages. Following SANRA guideline an online search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, WOS, and Embase, the used keywords included: “Migraine,” “multiple sclerosis,” “women,” “hormones,” “estrogen,” “menstrual cycle,” “pregnancy,” “postpartum,” “contraceptives,” “menopause,” “reproductive health,” “obstetrics,” and “gynecology.” The included articles were English peer-reviewed studies from the last 20 years that addressed MS or migrant in women of reproductive age group, we excluded case reports, editorials, and non -relevant studies. The included articles were assessed for quality, clinical relevance, and recency. Extracted data were synthesized to reflect how hormonal changes across diverse women's life cycle influence the disease pattern and management. The key finding was…
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