Therapeutic Applications of rTMS in Migraine Prophylaxis
Abstract
Migraine is one of the main causes of neurological disability, especially in young adults. Recent developments in preventive migraine therapies have improved outcomes for many patients, while highlighting the need for additional therapeutic options for those who remain refractory to pharmacological prophylaxis. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a promising neuromodulatory tool. We searched published literature for articles describing the efficacy of different rTMS protocols in the treatment of migraine. The literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus for articles published up to March 26, 2026. Twenty-four articles were categorized based on cortical targets (primary motor cortex [M1], dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), Vertex, Visual Cortex or Multifocal). High-frequency rTMS (HF-rTMS) targeting either the M1 or the left DLPFC demonstrated potential efficacy for specific goals such as reducing monthly migraine days, pain intensity, and medication intake. According to studies using neurophysiological data (obtained via transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalography (TMS-EEG)), clinical improvement correlates with enhanced frontotemporal network connectivity and restored cortical plasticity. Guided rTMS stimulation through functional connectivity between the DLPFC and the pregenual cingulate cortex (PGC) may increase the precision of pain processing network modulation. Low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) protocols also show…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Calcium Ions in the Physiology and Pathology of the Central Nervous System
- AI-powered in silico twins: redefining precision medicine through simulation, personalization, and predictive healthcare
- In silico functional, structural and pathogenicity analysis of missense single nucleotide polymorphisms in human MCM6 gene
- In Silico drug repurposing pipeline using deep learning and structure based approaches in epilepsy
- Targeting serotonin receptors with phytochemicals – an in-silico study
- In silico exploration of anti-prostate cancer compounds from differential expressed genes
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.