PO:10:149 | Efficacy of anifrolumab in a case of systemic lupus erythematosus with pulmonary involvement
Abstract
Background. Pulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous and usually non-severe complication, affecting 50–70% of patients (and up to 4–5% at disease onset). Pleuro-parenchymal manifestations include pleuritis (30%), interstitial lung disease (ILD, 1–15%), and lupus pneumonitis (1–4%), the latter often requiring differential diagnosis from infectious forms. Vascular manifestations comprise pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH, 0.5–17.5%), diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH, 1–5.4%), and venous thromboembolism (VTE, 9%; 35–42% in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies), as well as acute reversible hypoxemia (ARH). Rare forms include airway disease and shrinking lung syndrome. Anifrolumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks the type I interferon receptor, has shown efficacy in moderate to severe SLE, particularly for mucocutaneous, articular, and serological manifestations. According to European guidelines, Anifrolumab is recommended as first-line therapy for extra-renal (non–major organ) manifestations, especially cutaneous, and as add-on therapy for severe disease. We report a case of SLE with lupus pneumonitis and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) successfully treated with Anifrolumab.
Materials and Methods. A 45-year-old Caucasian man, with no significant past medical history, experienced three episodes of bilateral pneumonia (bibasilar consolidations) since mid-2022, all requiring hospitalization. One episode was complicated by pulmonary…
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