Epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prevention of stroke: a narrative review
Abstract
Introduction: Stroke is a major public health problem globally, and surviving patients have very high risks of recurrence. Age, sex, ethnicity, transient ischaemic attack(TIA), and hereditary characteristics are non-modifiable risk factors while the major modifiable risk factors for stroke are hypertension, diabetes, lack of physical exercise, alcohol and drug abuse, cholesterol, diet management and cardiac diseases.
Objective: The aim of this narrative review was to discuss the current management and prevention of stroke.
Methods: In this review, the databases of Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were used for literature search. The MESH terms used included "Diagnosis of Stroke", "Epidemiology of Stroke", "Management of Stroke" and "Prevention of Stroke". The other terms were "Stroke Mimicks" and "Biomarkers of Stroke". Studies that evaluated the current management of stroke in adult patients were included. This article is guided by the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA).
Results: A total of 800 studies were found. After excluding duplicate papers and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 72 studies were included for review. The included studies were published between 2010 and 2025. These studies included 9 Randomised Controlled Ttrials, a cohort study and other studies.
Conclusion: Computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain is the most common form of clinical imaging procedure used in the treatment of stroke and…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
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