The Current Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Headache Disorders, with a Focus on Migraine: A Systemic Review
Abstract
The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of headache disorders, particularly migraine, is rapidly expanding, and AI has demonstrated significant potential for diagnosis, treatment, and research. This review examines the current role of AI in migraine management, categorizing AI applications into diagnosis and classification, assessment of treatment response, prediction of migraine attacks, and research. A systematic review of literature published between 2000 and 2024 was conducted, following PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the snowball technique. Of the 398 articles identified, along with five additional articles, 61 were finally reviewed. The results highlight promising AI applications, including the use of patient questionnaires, natu-ral language processing, and imaging for migraine diagnosis, as well as predicting treatment responses and forecasting migraine attacks. Nonetheless, challenges remain in improving the accuracy, generalizability, validation, and clinical relevance of AI applications. Despite the substantial promise of AI for improving migraine management, it does not always guarantee better results than traditional methods. Careful consideration of the study design and method selection is crucial. Additionally, the interpretation of AI-generated results, particularly those from generative models, requires caution to avoid potential pitfalls.
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