Animal Models of Migraine Aura
Abstract
Spreading depression (SD) is thought to be the physiological substrate of the migraine aura. Experimental SD models have been used to examine basic migraine mechanisms, test genetic and hormonal modulators, and screen physiological and pharmacological interventions that suppress SD. This chapter provides a critical overview of such models, with their strengths and weaknesses, to better appreciate study quality and interpret the data, and with recommendations to improve intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility to facilitate future meta-analyses. Electrical stimulation is one of the most direct methods to assess SD susceptibility in vivo, as well as in vitro. Genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing may identify novel migraine risk variants, leading to the development and characterization of novel genetically modified rodent models for pathophysiological investigations, although none of the genetic variants has yet been linked specifically to migraine aura.
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