Primary headache in SLE -systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To systematically review and synthesize literature on: 1) the overall prevalence of primary headaches and specifically migraines, in patients with lupus since previous systematic review published in 2004; 2) the risk factors associated with primary headaches in patients with lupus; 3) the association of primary headaches with structural brain changes; and 4) "lupus headaches".
METHODS: This review used (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) PRISMA guidelines and literature searches in four databases: Ovid-based Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception until 4/2022. Papers on primary headaches in patients with lupus were identified. Included studies were critically appraised and analyzed. Since a systematic review on this topic was published in 2004, only papers published in 2004 and later were included in this review. Statistical and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots.
RESULTS: A total of 5096 references were identified, 189 were selected for detailed review and 11 papers were included in the final analysis. 1) The pooled prevalence of primary headaches in lupus was 26.8 % (95 %CI 25.1-28.6). The prevalence of primary headaches was similar between patients with lupus and healthy controls, odds ratio (OR) 2.14, 95 %CI 0.97-4.76, p value=0.06, however publication bias was significant according to the Egger test. Lupus patients seem to have a higher prevalence of primary…
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