Sinus migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Introduction
Sinus headache is frequently misdiagnosed, with growing evidence suggesting that many cases may actually be migraine with sinus-like features.
Objective
To evaluate the prevalence of migraine among patients initially diagnosed with sinus headache and assess how often migraine is mistaken for sinus-related conditions.
Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were performed in Scopus, Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar using terms such as “sinus headache” and “sinus migraine.” Studies were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A proportional meta-analyses were performed using conducted in R (version 4.3.2), and study quality was assessed using the JBI checklist.
Results
Twelve studies involving 4,392 patients were included. Eight studies (Group 1) assessed patients with sinus headache, finding a pooled migraine prevalence of 55% (95% CI: 0.42-0.68), increasing to 59% when probable migraine was included, and 65% when tension-type headache cases were considered. Four studies (Group 2) examined patients with confirmed migraine previously misdiagnosed as sinus headache, with misdiagnosis rates up to 81.5% and diagnosis delays up to 38 years. Female predominance was noted in both groups: 65% (95% CI: 53-77%) in Group 1 and 75% (95% CI: 71-80%) in Group 2.
Conclusions
A significant proportion of patients diagnosed with sinus headache were ultimately found to have migraine, with…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 4,392 participants or records.
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