Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a patient with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer following abemaciclib combined with endocrine therapy: A case report
Abstract
This case report presents the first occurrence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a patient with breast cancer during CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. Abemaciclib serves as a first-line therapeutic option for hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer. However, there are no documented cases in the literature linking abemaciclib to Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Notably, although rare, abemaciclib-induced severe lymphopenia may predispose patients to potentially life-threatening opportunistic infections. Optimal patient management requires multidisciplinary collaboration and strict compliance with American Society of Clinical Oncology/European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines to optimize the balance between therapeutic efficacy and infection risk mitigation. Critical strategies include early intervention and proactive surveillance to mitigate morbidity and mortality in this high-risk cohort. Consequently, the present case advocates for serial monitoring of lymphocyte counts and CD4+ levels during abemaciclib treatment, with implementation of primary prophylaxis protocols for patients exhibiting elevated risk profiles.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case report, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Penicillins for Treatment of Pneumococcal Pneumonia: Does In Vitro Resistance Really Matter?
- Thiophenes—Naturally Occurring Plant Metabolites: Biological Activities and In Silico Evaluation of Their Potential as Cathepsin D Inhibitors
- Inhalable Mannosylated Rifampicin–Curcumin Co-Loaded Nanomicelles with Enhanced In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy for an Optimized Pulmonary Tuberculosis Therapy
- Development and validation of microbial bioassay for quantification of Levofloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations
- GC-MS Analysis and Biomedical Therapy of Oil from n-Hexane Fraction of Scutellaria edelbergii Rech. f.: In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approach
- Propranolol, chlorpromazine and diclofenac restore susceptibility of extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-Acinetobacter baumannii to fluoroquinolones
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.