Migraine and the Risk of Dementia in the General Population
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Migraine and dementia are prevalent disorders with high societal impact; however, research regarding their association remains inconsistent.
METHODS: We analyzed 6888 participants from the prospective Rotterdam Study. Migraine status was assessed (2006-2011) via validated questionnaire. Participants were followed for a median of 9.4 years until January 2020. Dementia diagnoses were confirmed through in-person screenings and medical record linkages, including neuroimaging.
RESULTS: At baseline, 1041 participants (15.1%) had migraine. Over 62,180 person-years, 491 participants developed dementia (379 [77.2%] with Alzheimer's). Cox models revealed that migraine was associated with a lower risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51-0.95) and Alzheimer's disease (HR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.85).
DISCUSSION: This study suggests that migraine is associated with a reduced risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. Whether this reflects biological neuroprotection or methodological factors is currently unclear, necessitating further investigation.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 6,888 participants or records.
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