Anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction in drug-naive female migraine patients: a case-control study
Abstract
Migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder associated with psychiatric comorbidities including anxiety and depression. However, the impact of migraine on sexual function in women and the mediating role of psychological factors remain poorly characterized, particularly in drug-naive patients. This study aimed to compare anxiety, depression, and sexual function between female migraine patients and healthy controls, and to evaluate the mediating role of psychological comorbidities in migraine-associated sexual dysfunction.
This case-control study enrolled 85 drug-naive female migraine patients diagnosed according to ICHD-3 criteria and 116 headache-free female controls from Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Hospital and affiliated primary care family health centers, Türkiye. All participants completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) was defined as FSFI score < 26.55. Group comparisons used Mann–Whitney U tests and chi-square tests. Multiple linear regression and bootstrapped mediation analysis assessed the relationships between migraine, depression, and sexual function.
Migraine patients had significantly higher BAI (23.5 ± 12.5 vs. 12.4 ± 8.9,
p
< 0.001) and BDI scores (17.4 ± 9.5 vs. 11.2 ± 7.7,
p
< 0.001), and lower FSFI scores (21.8 ± 5.6 vs. 25.5 ± 4.7,
p
< 0.001) compared to controls. FSD was present in 76.5% of migraine patients versus 60.3% of controls (
p
=…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 60 participants or records.
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