Serum calcitonin gene-related peptide and inflammatory marker dynamics across the migraine attack cycle: A case-control analysis
Abstract
Background: The role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and inflammatory pathways in migraine pathophysiology remains to be fully elucidated. This study addressed inconsistencies in the existing literature by comparing serum levels of CGRP and inflammatory markers in patients with migraine during (ictal) and between (interictal) attacks, relative to healthy controls.
Methods: A total of 169 individuals were enrolled: 39 patients with chronic migraine (CM), 100 with episodic migraine (EM), and 30 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Among patients with EM, 63 were assessed during a migraine attack, while 37 were assessed during an interictal phase.Following assessment of demographic and headache characteristics, venous blood samples were obtained. Serum levels of CGRP, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) were quantified using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
Results: The mean age of the control group and patients with migraine was 41 and 38 years, respectively. Patients with EM in the ictal phase exhibited significantly higher serum CGRP and IL-17 levels compared to interictal patients and healthy controls (P < 0.001). Patients with CM also had significantly higher serum concentrations of CGRP and IL-17 than both interictal EM patients and healthy controls (P < 0.01). Analysis of serum COX-2 levels also revealed that both the CM and ictal EM groups had significantly higher concentrations than the interictal EM…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 169 participants or records.
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