The prevalence of headache disorders among children and adolescents in Georgia: a cross-sectional schools-based study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Global Campaign against Headache is undertaking a worldwide programme of cross-sectional schools-based studies of headache prevalence and attributed burden among children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-17). The purpose is to expand the still sparse knowledge of headache among these age groups, using a data-acquisition technique that cluster-samples the world. This survey in Georgia was the fourth in the European Region, following similar studies in Turkey, Austria and Lithuania, and others in African, Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions.
METHODS: We used the Global Campaign's standardized protocol, selecting schools representative of the country. The child and adolescent versions of the structured HARDSHIP questionnaire, translated into Georgian language, were completed by pupils under supervision in class. Headache diagnoses followed ICHD-3, with the exception of undifferentiated headache (UdH), which we defined initially as mild and subsequently as mild-to-moderate headache lasting < 1 h. Enquiry timeframes were 1 year, 4 weeks and 1 day (headache yesterday [HY]).
RESULTS: Of 2,790 participants, two thirds (68.5%) reported headache in the preceding year (age- and gender-adjusted 1-year prevalence: 66.3%). HY was reported by 20.4%, a proportion that might be expected to have headache on any day. Headache on ≥ 15 days/month (H15+) was common (4.1%), with probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH) accounting for 0.5% (0.2%…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 2,790 participants or records.
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