A comprehensive review on solid lipid nanoparticles as a new frontier for treatment of migraine
Abstract
Migraine is one of the most prevalent and debilitating neurological disorders, characterized by sharp, throbbing head pain, and often accompanied by sensory, gastrointestinal, and autonomic disturbances. Although conventional therapies, such as ergotamine, triptans, and gepants, are available, their therapeutic efficacy is often limited because of the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), systemic side effects, and low bioavailability. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have emerged as a promising strategy for overcoming these limitations by enhancing drug stability, facilitating delivery across the BBB, improving bioavailability, and reducing enzymatic degradation. This study aimed to explore the potential of SLNs in migraine management. The key evaluation parameters of SLN formulations, such as zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release kinetics, drug loading, and polydispersity index, have been discussed in detail. In addition, recent advancements in SLN-based delivery systems, including ligand-functionalized nanoparticles and thermosensitive systems, have been highlighted for their potential to improve the precision and effectiveness of migraine therapy. The current study provides an updated and more focused analysis specifically on SLN-based strategies for migraine, integrating both formulation evaluation and recent technological advancements to offer a comprehensive and current perspective.
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