Prognostic nutritional index as a potential predictor of prognosis in patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract
Background Sepsis patients often have immune dysfunction and malnutrition, which is a high-risk disease for death in critically ill patients. Although various biomarkers can predict the prognosis of sepsis patients, they are cumbersome to implement clinically. This study evaluates the prognostic potential of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) to fill this gap. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center with sepsis between 2008 and 2022. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) was calculated using the first measurement within 24 h of admission. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to compare mortality risks among three groups, and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model assessed the link between PNI and mortality risk in sepsis patients. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) explored the potential dose—response relationship between PNI and mortality, and threshold analysis determined the critical threshold of PNI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated the predictive ability, sensitivity, and specificity of LAR for all—cause mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis and sepsis, and calculated the area under the curve (AUC). Finally, subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between PNI and prognosis in different populations. Results A total of 6,234 patients were included Kaplan—Meier analysis showed that patients with…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 6,234 participants or records.
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