DNA Binding Mode of Fluorine-Containing Cobalt(II) Phthalocyanine
Abstract
Recently, phthalocyanines have attracted attention for therapeutic applications due to their notable biological activities, particularly their efficient interactions with DNA. This study presents the synthesis of a novel flourine-containing phthalonitrile and its cobalt (II) phthalocyanine derivative (CoPc). Structural characterization of the newly synthesized compounds was performed using FT-IR, 1H NMR, MALDI-TOF and UV-vis spectroscopy. The interaction between CoPc and DNA was investigated by UV-vis spectrophotometry at 37°C and 65°C. Increasing DNA concentration decreased absorbance intensity and induced a bathochromic shift, indicating that the phthalocyanine interacted with DNA via non-covalent mechanisms, such as intercalation and electrostatic attraction. The binding mode was further analyzed by determining the thermodynamic parameters (ΔSo > 0, ΔHo > 0, and ΔGo < 0). The positive values of ΔSo and ΔHo indicate the favorable interaction at higher temperatures. Also, the negative value of ΔGo confirms that the DNA-CoPc interaction is spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable. Thus, CoPc is a promising candidate for medical applications.
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