Exploring patients' perspectives and experiences of asthma self-management: A qualitative study
Abstract
Background: Patients with asthma can effectively manage their condition and minimize its impact on their everyday life by practicing asthma self-management.
Objective: This study aimed to explore knowledge, perceptions, experiences, barriers, and facilitators of asthma self-management among asthma patients in Malaysia.
Methods: A qualitative study using a phenomenological approach was conducted from February 2025 to May 2025 among 19 asthma patients aged 18 and above through semi-structured online and face-to-face individual interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using inductive thematic analysis through NVivo® software to identify key themes. Later relevant themes were applied deductively to the three self-management tasks (medical, behavioural, and emotional management) described by Corbin and Strauss.
Results: To improve interpretation, two overarching themes, (1) impacts of asthma and (2) self-management of asthma, were constructed. Within "impacts of asthma," one main theme, "living with asthma," was identified. Under "self-management of asthma," four main themes were identified: (i) medical management, (ii) behavioural management, (iii) emotional management, and (iv) factors influencing asthma self-management.
Conclusion: Asthma patients demonstrated a good understanding of the disease and self-management strategies; gaps remain in the area of self-monitoring. Patients' perceived self-efficacy and beliefs towards traditional…
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