Multimodal Diagnostics of Changes in Rat Lungs after Vaping
Abstract
(1) Background: The use of electronic cigarettes has become widespread in recent years. The use of e-cigarettes leads to milder pathological conditions compared to traditional cigarette smoking. Nevertheless, e-liquid vaping can cause morphological changes in lung tissue, which affects and impairs gas exchange. This work studied the changes in morphological and optical properties of lung tissue under the action of an e-liquid aerosol. To do this, we implemented the “passive smoking” model and created the specified concentration of aerosol of the glycerol/propylene glycol mixture in the chamber with the animal. (2) Methods: In ex vivo studies, the lungs of Wistar rats are placed in the e-liquid for 1 h. For in vivo studies, Wistar rats were exposed to the e-liquid vapor in an aerosol administration chamber. After that, lung tissue samples were examined ex vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and spectrometry with an integrating sphere. Absorption and reduced scattering coefficients were estimated for the control and experimental groups. Histological sections were made according to the standard protocol, followed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. (3) Results: Exposure to e-liquid in ex vivo and aerosol in in vivo studies was found to result in the optical clearing of lung tissue. Histological examination of the lung samples showed areas of emphysematous expansion of the alveoli, thickening of the alveolar septa, and the phenomenon of plasma permeation, which is less…
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