Integrating smoking cessation support during lung cancer diagnostic workup: a pragmatic, multicenter, cluster-randomised controlled trial
Abstract
Background Smoking cessation at or around the time of lung cancer diagnosis is associated with improved treatment outcomes, enhanced quality of life and increased survival. However, many patients continue smoking post-diagnosis. Aim This study evaluated the effectiveness of a national initiative in Denmark that integrated smoking cessation support into the diagnostic workup for lung cancer within a pragmatic, multicenter, cluster-randomised controlled trial. Methods Nine Danish hospitals were cluster-randomised to either the intervention group (integrated cessation support) or the control group (usual care). The intervention was implemented in five hospitals. Eighty-six patients (intervention = 39; control = 47) who were active smokers at referral completed questionnaires assessing smoking cessation initiation, motivation, quality of life and psychosocial consequences of diagnostic workup at baseline and 6-weeks follow-up. Logistic and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Additionally, 140 healthcare professionals completed a survey on cessation support practices pre-intervention, and 54 completed it post-intervention. Descriptive analyses were used to assess changes in clinical practice. Results There were no statistically significant differences in smoking cessation initiation between the intervention and control groups (OR = 0.81 [0.41, 1.58], p = 0.53; adjusted OR = 0.79 [0.35, 1.79], p = 0.57). Among healthcare professionals in the intervention group, a larger…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
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