Is passive smoking associated with acute stress response? An observational real-world study
Abstract
Background This study aimed to elucidate the potential association between passive smoking and the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among high-stress rescue workers, including the magnitude of such an association, and to provide a evidence-based references for the early screening, prevention, and management of PTSD risk in high-stress rescue workers. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, the study distributed self-administered questionnaires to grassroots officers and soldiers. Data from 4,460 valid respondents were analyzed with logistic regression to quantify the association between passive smoking and positive screening under the Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) scale and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Results Univariate analysis showed that passive smokers had a 2.509-fold higher risk of ASD compared with non-passive smokers (OR = 2.509, 95% CI = 1.621–3.883, p < 0.001), and a 3.298-fold higher risk of PTSD (OR = 3.298, 95% CI = 1.459–7.451, p = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between passive smoking and ASD risk (OR = 1.990, 95% CI = 1.959–3.144, p = 0.003), Passive smoking showed a strong risk association with PTSD in the partially adjusted model (model 2: OR = 3.360, 95% CI = 1.473–7.665, p = 0.004; model 3: OR = 3.360, 95% CI = 1.473–7.665, p = 0.004), but this relationship was attenuated and became non-significant in the fully adjusted model (OR = 2.513, 95% CI = 0.9–5.151, p = 0.085). Stratified analysis among…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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