An EIT-based assessment of regional ventilation delay under incremental PEEP: Influence of sex, smoking, vaping, asthma, and BMI
Abstract
• A novel investigation into lung aeration heterogeneity was conducted during increasing PEEP in non-intubated, spontaneously breathing subjects. • Regional lung dynamics were evaluated across smokers, vapers, asthmatic, and healthy subjects with sex and BMI considered. • Regional ventilation delay (RVD), derived from EIT, was used to assess lung aeration heterogeneity during increasing PEEP. • Spatial maps of RVD distribution facilitating the identification of regions with delayed aeration in response to incremental PEEP. • Findings demonstrate the importance of considering individualized factors while optimizing a personalized approach to respiratory medicine. Therapies such as positive airway pressure (PAP), which maintain positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings, are widely used in the management of respiratory diseases. However, most research has focused on patient outcomes, such as oxygenation, mortality rates, or ventilator-free days. There is a lack of focus on lung-specific responses, for example, atelectasis rate or aeration heterogeneities. This study aims to use Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) to investigate variations in lung aeration heterogeneity with increasing PEEP and how factors such as sex, smoking/vaping history, asthma, and BMI influence lung aeration dynamics. Eighty participants were recruited and categorized into four groups: asthmatics, smokers, vapers, and healthy individuals. Each group comprises 20 subjects evenly distributed by sex…
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