Time since cigarette smoking cessation and self-rated health among exclusive e-cigarette users
Abstract
BACKGROUND
E-cigarettes are increasingly used as smoking cessation aids, yet population-level evidence on whether health status improves with time since smoking cessation among exclusive e-cigarette users remains limited. This study examined the association between time since cigarette smoking cessation and self-rated health among current e-cigarette users who were former smokers in Scotland and further explored whether duration of current e-cigarette use was associated with self-rated health within this group.
METHODS
A pooled cross-sectional analysis was conducted using seven waves of the Scottish Health Survey (2017-2024, excluding 2020). The analytic sample comprised 5,064 adults: 3,722 current cigarette smokers who were not currently vaping (reference group) and 1,342 current e-cigarette users who were former smokers, categorised by time since cessation (< 1 year, 1 to < 5 years, and ≥ 5 years). The outcome was self-rated health, measured on a five-category ordinal scale from very good to very bad. Associations were estimated using survey design-adjusted ordered logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, area deprivation, limiting long-standing illness, and survey year. A secondary analysis restricted to current e-cigarette users who were former smokers examined time since cessation alone and, in a supplementary joint model, additionally included duration of current e-cigarette use (< 1 year, 1 to < 3 years, and ≥ 3 years).
RESULTS
In the fully adjusted main…
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