The Impacts of Vaping on the Cardiovascular System: A Systematic Review of Case Reports
Abstract
Currently, cigarette smoking remains a global epidemic, with approximately one billion tobacco smokers worldwide, despite declines in use. Vaping products have become popular alternatives in recent years to conventional cigarettes. There has been a perception that vaping serves as a "healthier" alternative and has been increasing across all age groups, especially among teenagers and young adults. Vaping and its additives have been shown to have various implications across organ systems, including pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Meanwhile, additional research efforts are needed to gain insight into the pathophysiology of vaping on cardiovascular disease onset, progression, and outcomes. In order to better understand the body of literature available on the association between vaping and cardiovascular function, a systematic review was conducted, which included case studies of patients engaged in vaping at the time of developing a cardiovascular event. A systematic review was conducted with a total of 20 patients. Only case studies were included to assess the cardiovascular outcomes that were reported with vaping using either nicotine, non-nicotine, or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing products. Patients were excluded if they orally consumed the vaping liquid and did not smoke the product. Fourteen of the 20 patients assessed were males (70%), five females (25%), and one unspecified sex (5%). The patients varied in age from 13 to 70 years of age, with a mean age of…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 20 participants or records.
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