Risk factors associated with suspected tuberculosis in a densely populated urban community in bandung
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem both globally and nationally, particularly in densely populated areas with high social and metabolic risk factors. Early detection of suspected TB is crucial to interrupt transmission chains and to support the 2030 TB elimination target. Purpose: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with suspected TB in a densely populated community in Babakan Sari, Bandung City. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data from a community-based survey conducted in Babakan Sari, Bandung City, in December 2024. Data were collected through household interviews using a structured questionnaire from 4,172 respondents selected through convenience sampling. Descriptive analysis and chi-square tests were used to examine associations between suspected TB and related risk factors. Results: Significant associated risk factors included a history of previous suspected TB (OR=13.41; p=0.001), incomplete treatment (OR=11.88; p=0.001), poor nutritional status (OR=4.56; p=0.001), exposure to passive smoking (OR=1.73; p=0.001), and a history of diabetes mellitus (OR=1.86; p=0.03). Other factors, such as active smoking, HIV, older age, and cardiovascular disease, were not significantly associated. Conclusion: The most dominant risk factors were a history of TB, incomplete treatment, poor nutritional status, passive smoking exposure, and diabetes mellitus.
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